NARRATION
Change of Direct speech into Indirect Speech
Sentences in the Form of Dialogues
Two different ways are used for expressing things. If the speaker himself speaks it is Direct form of Speech whereas if another person conveys the same statement to someone else it is Indirect form of Speech.
Two forms of speech are :-
John said to his brother, “I am going to the market.”
John told his brother that he was going to the market.
The actual form and words used by the speaker is Direct Form of Speech but the substance of speech of the speaker said by someone else is Indirect Form of Speech.
Direct speech consists of two parts:-
1. Reporting speech 2. Reported speech
These two parts are separated from each other by a comma (,) and inverted commas (“ ”).
The part outside the inverted commas forms reporting speech (i.e. who is reporting and to whom).
That enclosed within the inverted commas is reported speech (i.e. the matter that is being reported).
The first word of the reported speech begins with a capital letter.
THREE
Doctor : Did you take medicine in the morning?
Patient : Yes, I took medicine today in the morning.
Doctor : How are you feeling now?
Patient : I am feeling a little better now. Should I continue taking medicine, sir? For how many days more shall I have to this medicine?
Doctor : O K Very good. Take this medicine for two days more.
Doctor asked the patient.................................
Patient replied in affirmative and......................
Doctor asked him.....................
Patient informed the doctor.................
Doctor told him that...........................
FOUR
Read the following conversation. Complete it in reported speech by choosing the options given below it.
Horatio : Will you join the soldiers who guard the walls at night?
Hamlet : Yes, I will. We will meet tonight where the ghost appeared yesterday.
Horatio : Yesterday it was very cold at night when the ghost appeared.
Hamlet : Did you hear the voices of laughing and singing in the castle then?
1. he will join the soldiers who guard the walls at night.
(b) Hamlet replied in affirmative that he would. He told Horatio that.....................
1. we would meet tonight where the ghost appeared yesterday.
(c) Horatio told Hamlet that the previous day................
1. it was very cold at night when the ghost appeared.
(d) Hamlet asked Horatio if ..............
1. you heard the voices of laughing and singing in the castle then.
FIVE
Read the following conversation. Complete its reported speech by choosing the options given below it.
An expecting lady : How do you feel on becoming father of a child? What do you expect, a baby boy or a baby girl?
Her Husband: What a pleasure for me that I'll be father of a child! If it is a baby boy I shall teach him all the subjects myself.
Lady : What will you do if it is a baby girl? Will you not teach her?
Husband : No I shall not. She will not need to be taught anything. She will learn everything herself. She'll be very intelligent. When she grows up she will teach me how to live and how to dress up myself.
Lady : Do you think that girls are more intelligent than boys?
An expecting lady asked her husband ..........
a) how you felt on becoming father of a child and what you expected, a baby boy or a baby girl.
c)how you felt on becoming father of a child and what he expected, a baby boy or a baby girl.
Her Husband exclaimed ..............
a) with happiness that it was a great pleasure for him that he would be father of a child. He told her that if it was a baby boy he would teach him all the subjects himself.
b) with happiness that it is a great pleasure for me that he would be father of a child. He told her that if it is a baby boy he would teach him all the subjects himself.
c) with happiness that it was a great pleasure for me that I would be father of a child. He told her that if it is a baby boy he will teach him all the subjects himself.
The lady asked him..........
a) what he would do it was a baby girl and he would not teach her.
b) what he would do if it was a baby girl and if he would not teach her.
c) what you would do if it was a baby girl and he would not teach her.
Her husband replied in negative and told her that he would not. He further told her that.............
a) she would not need to be taught anything and she would learn everything herself and she would be very intelligent. He also told her that when she grew up she would teach him how to live and how to dress up himself.
b) she will not need to be taught anything and she will learn everything herself and she will be very intelligent. He also told her that when she grew up she will teach him how to live and how to dress up himself.
c) she would not need to be taught anything and she will learn everything herself and she will be very intelligent. He also told her that when she grows up she will teach him how to live and how to dress up himself.
a) you thought that girls are more intelligent than boys.
b) you thought that girls were more intelligent than boys.
Two forms of speech are :-
John said to his brother, “I am going to the market.”
John told his brother that he was going to the market.
The actual form and words used by the speaker is Direct Form of Speech but the substance of speech of the speaker said by someone else is Indirect Form of Speech.
Direct speech consists of two parts:-
1. Reporting speech 2. Reported speech
These two parts are separated from each other by a comma (,) and inverted commas (“ ”).
The part outside the inverted commas forms reporting speech (i.e. who is reporting and to whom).
That enclosed within the inverted commas is reported speech (i.e. the matter that is being reported).
The first word of the reported speech begins with a capital letter.
In Indirect Speech
inverted commas are not used, but generally reporting speech and reported speech are joined together by the conjunction like ‘that’, ‘if’ or ‘whether’ etc.
the comma between reporting speech and reported speech is removed.
The signs of question mark and exclamation are not used. Instead full stop sign is used.
The tense of reporting speech is not changed.
The forms of interrogative, imperative, exclamatory and optative sentences are changed to assertive sentence.
The tense of reported speech is changed according to the tense of reporting speech.
Mostly Direct Form of speech is in the form of sentences but sometimes it is also in the form of a dialogue as follows :
Teacher : Why are you standing here, Boys?
Students in one voice : We are waiting for the bus, Sir.
These dialogues are also changed into Indirect form of Speech in the same way as sentences are changed.
It is presumed (according to the sense of the sentence) that it is said in the Past Tense.
Here follow some examples :
ONE
Man looking towards the policeman - What violence have I done? What fault am I guilty of?
The policeman - Why should I speak? You yourself have given enough proof of your violent temper.
Man- Why are you accusing me like this? I have not committed any crime.
The policeman - Every culprit says like this. You will have to go to the police station to give the statement of your innocence.
Man - Please pardon me and do not take me to the police station. Believe upon me. I have done nothing wrong.
SOLUTION
Man looking towards the policeman asked him what violence he had done and what fault he was guilty of.
The policeman asked why he should speak and told him that he himself had given enough proof of his violent temper.
Man asked the policeman why he was accusing him like that and told him that he had not committed any crime.
The policeman told him that every culprit said like that and told him further that he would have to go to the police station to give the statement of his innocence.
Man requested the policeman to pardon him and not to take him to the police station. He further requested him to believe upon him and told him that he had done nothing wrong.
TWO
Milkmaid knocking at the door : Please open the door. I am getting late today.
Woman from within the house : Why are you crying? I am opening the door.
Milkmaid : I have brought milk for you. Please make haste a little.Take milk and let me go.
Woman opening the door : Why are you in a hurry today? You cry like this never before. What has happened to you today?
Milkmaid : Madam, I am in a little hurry today. I want to finish my work as early as possible so that I may reach home.
Woman: It appears you are worried a little today.
Milkmaid : Yes, I expect some guests at my house today. I want to reach my home before they arrive. Please help and let me go now.
She gave milk to the woman and went away saying," Good Bye, Madam!"
SOLUTION
Milkmaid knocking at the door requested the woman to open the door and told that she was getting late that day.
Woman from within the house asked her why she was crying and told her that she was opening the door.
Milkmaid told her that she had brought milk for her and further requested her to make haste a little. She told her to take milk and let her go.
Woman opening the door asked her why she was in a hurry that day. She told her that she cried like that never before. She asked her what had happened to her that day.
Milkmaid respectfully told her that she was in a little hurry that day and she wanted to finish her work as early as possible so that she might reach home.
Woman told her that it appeared she was worried a little that day.
Milkmaid replied in affirmative and told her that she expected some guests at her house that day and she wanted to reach her home before they arrived. She requested her to help and let her go then.
She gave milk to the woman and went away bidding her good bye respectfully.
THREE
Husband: I am leaving for my office. I shall return late in the evening.
Wife : Have you taken your breakfast. I have already prepared it for you.
Husband : Yes, I have taken my breakfast. Please do not wait for me at the dinner. I shall be late at night. Take your dinner at time.
Wife : No, I shall wait for you however late you are. We both will have dinner together. I do not mind if it is late.
Husband : O.K. I shall try if I can be back early.
SOLUTION
Husband told his wife that he was leaving for his office and would return late in the evening.
Wife asked him if he had taken his breakfast. She told him that she had already prepared that for him.
Husband replied in affirmative and told her that he had taken his breakfast. He requested her not to wait for him at the dinner. He told her that he would be late at night. He advised her to take her dinner at time.
Wife replied in negative and told him that she would wait for him however late he was. She told him further that they both would have dinner together and she did not mind if it was late.
Husband told her that it was O.K. and he would try if he could be back early.
EXERCISES FOR PRACTICE
Read the following conversation and on the basis of it complete the passage given below.
ONE
Father : Why are you so tense?
Son : I have an examination tomorrow.
Father : Are you not prepared for it?
Son: I am fully prepared but I am a little nervous.
Father: God helps those who helps themselves.
Father asked his son (a).............
The son replied that (b)..............
The son replied that (b)..............
His father enquired (c) .............
The son told him that (d)...........
The son told him that (d)...........
Father advised his son that (e)..............
TWO
Captain : Where were you, yesterday?
Player: I was at my home.
Captain: Why did you not come for practice yesterday?
Player: I had some important guests at my house.
Captain asked the player(a) ...................
The player told the captain that (b).................
The captain asked the player (c)...........
The player told the captain that (d)….............
THREE
Doctor : Did you take medicine in the morning?
Patient : Yes, I took medicine today in the morning.
Doctor : How are you feeling now?
Patient : I am feeling a little better now. Should I continue taking medicine, sir? For how many days more shall I have to this medicine?
Doctor : O K Very good. Take this medicine for two days more.
Doctor asked the patient.................................
Patient replied in affirmative and......................
Doctor asked him.....................
Patient informed the doctor.................
Doctor told him that...........................
FOUR
Read the following conversation. Complete it in reported speech by choosing the options given below it.
Horatio : Will you join the soldiers who guard the walls at night?
Hamlet : Yes, I will. We will meet tonight where the ghost appeared yesterday.
Horatio : Yesterday it was very cold at night when the ghost appeared.
Hamlet : Did you hear the voices of laughing and singing in the castle then?
(a) Horatio asked Hamlet if ....................
1. he will join the soldiers who guard the walls at night.
2. he will join the soldiers who guarded the walls at night.
3. he would join the soldiers who guard the walls at night.
4. he would join the soldiers who guarded the walls at night.
(b) Hamlet replied in affirmative that he would. He told Horatio that.....................
1. we would meet tonight where the ghost appeared yesterday.
2. they would meet that night where the ghost appeared the previous day.
3. they would meet that night where the ghost had appeared the previous day.
4.we would meet that night where the ghost had appeared the previous day.
(c) Horatio told Hamlet that the previous day................
1. it was very cold at night when the ghost appeared.
2.it had been very cold at night when the ghost appeared.
3.it was very cold at night when the ghost had appeared.
4.it had been very cold at night when the ghost had appeared.
(d) Hamlet asked Horatio if ..............
1. you heard the voices of laughing and singing in the castle then.
2. he heard the voices of laughing and singing in the castle then.
3 he had heard the voices of laughing and singing in the castle then.
4. you had heard the voices of laughing and singing in the castle then.
FIVE
Read the following conversation. Complete its reported speech by choosing the options given below it.
An expecting lady : How do you feel on becoming father of a child? What do you expect, a baby boy or a baby girl?
Her Husband: What a pleasure for me that I'll be father of a child! If it is a baby boy I shall teach him all the subjects myself.
Lady : What will you do if it is a baby girl? Will you not teach her?
Husband : No I shall not. She will not need to be taught anything. She will learn everything herself. She'll be very intelligent. When she grows up she will teach me how to live and how to dress up myself.
Lady : Do you think that girls are more intelligent than boys?
An expecting lady asked her husband ..........
a) how you felt on becoming father of a child and what you expected, a baby boy or a baby girl.
b) how he felt on becoming father of a child and what he expected, a baby boy or a baby girl.
c)how you felt on becoming father of a child and what he expected, a baby boy or a baby girl.
Her Husband exclaimed ..............
a) with happiness that it was a great pleasure for him that he would be father of a child. He told her that if it was a baby boy he would teach him all the subjects himself.
b) with happiness that it is a great pleasure for me that he would be father of a child. He told her that if it is a baby boy he would teach him all the subjects himself.
c) with happiness that it was a great pleasure for me that I would be father of a child. He told her that if it is a baby boy he will teach him all the subjects himself.
The lady asked him..........
a) what he would do it was a baby girl and he would not teach her.
b) what he would do if it was a baby girl and if he would not teach her.
c) what you would do if it was a baby girl and he would not teach her.
Her husband replied in negative and told her that he would not. He further told her that.............
a) she would not need to be taught anything and she would learn everything herself and she would be very intelligent. He also told her that when she grew up she would teach him how to live and how to dress up himself.
b) she will not need to be taught anything and she will learn everything herself and she will be very intelligent. He also told her that when she grew up she will teach him how to live and how to dress up himself.
c) she would not need to be taught anything and she will learn everything herself and she will be very intelligent. He also told her that when she grows up she will teach him how to live and how to dress up himself.
The lady asked him if ...........
a) you thought that girls are more intelligent than boys.
b) you thought that girls were more intelligent than boys.
c) he thought that girls were more intelligent than boys.
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