Monday, 7 May 2018

Sample Question Paper of State Bank India (SBI) Examination -Clerical Cadre (English Section ) Duly Solved & Answers with Explanations




Sample Question Paper of State Bank India (SBI)  Examination -Clerical Cadre (English Section )  SET -ONE

Directions  (Q. Nos. 51 - 55 ) : In the given questions, there are phrases in italics followed by options, (a) to (d). One of these options should replace the phrase to make the sentence meaningful and grammatically correct. Choose the most suitable option. If the given phrase is correct mark (e) as answer. 


51. Whatever may be the reason of his failure, his integrity cannot be called into question.

a) his integrity cannot be called in question.
b)  his integrity cannot be put in question.
c) his integrity cannot be made  into question.

d) his integrity cannot be brought in question.

(e) No error

52. But for the support of members of my family, I should not have achieved success in my work. 


a) I shall not have achieved success in my work.
b) I would not have achieved success in my work.
c) I would not achieve success in my work.
d) I shall not have achieved success in my work. 
(e) No error

53. If one endeavours persistently in the right direction , one is sure to  triumph over the odds of life successfully.

(a) triumph against the odds of life successfully.
(b) triumph upon the odds of life successfully.
(c) triumph by the odds of life successfully.
(d) make triumph with odds of life successfully.
(e) No error


54. Had you accompanied us on picnic , you too could have enjoyed yourself .

(a) you too should have enjoyed yourself.
(b) you too might have enjoyed yourself.
(c) you too would have enjoyed yourself.
(d) you too will have enjoyed yourself.


55. What to speak of food, drinking water was not available there.

(a) What to speak about food,
(b) What to speak for food,
(c) Not to speak about food,
(d) Not to speak of food,
(e) No error.




Directions  (Q. Nos. 56 - 60 ) : Read the given sentences carefully to find out if there is any grammatical error in any of these. If there is any, it will be in one part of the sentence. Mark the alphabet following that part as your answer. If no error is found mark (e) as your answer.


56. Little she knew that (a) the person whom  (b)she trusts upon will deceive her (c) and deprive her of her wealth(d) No error (e)

57. Supposing if I do not  (a) succeed in the examination  (b) I have already decided (c) that I shall start working with my father in his factory.(d) No error (e)

58. Have you ever seen  a girl  (a) as young as she is  (b)and  who sings so beautiful (c) and enchants the audience like this?(d) No error (e)

59. I do not know (a) when does she intends  (b) to leave for her office but it is certain  (c) that  she is to reach there before evening.(d) No error (e)

60. Who do you think (a) the committee will (b) select a candidate (c) for awarding a prize ?(d) No error (e)



Directions  (Q. Nos. 61 - 65 ) :  In the following sentences, there are four words written in bold and marked (a)  (b) (c) (d)  which may be misspelt or inappropriate in context to the sentence. Find out the misspelt or inappropriate word and mark its  alphabet as answer. If all are correct  and  appropriate mark (e) as answer.

61. Military systems have been doing this "jamming" (a)  - flooding an area with a signal at the GPS frequently (b) in a bid to frustrate   (c) navigation system (d)   of the enemy. All are correct. (e)

62. It is presumed that (a) with hike in the price of oil the produce of (b)   vehicles in the country is sure to decline (c) and there will be a dire need (d)  to develop a strong  public transport network.  All are correct)(e)

63. The president of the committee enquired from (a)  members that if more funds(b) are  pumped  into(c)  the  project it will be beneficial(d)  for it.  All are correct (e).


64. If the authorities delay (a) in according their sanction or they deny the same (b)  in either case ( c) there will be an adverse affect   (d) on smooth working  of the project. All are correct (e)

65. The president asked (a) the members who they (b) considered a suitable candidate (c) for the post of  secretery of (d) the club. All are correct (e) 
 






Directions  (Q. Nos. 66 - 75 ) :  In the following paragraph there are blanks which are numbered. At the end of the paragraph five words are given as options. One of these words is appropriate to fill each of these blanks. Find the appropriate word to fill in the blank and mark it as answer.

Human life 1. ..................................... of small events each of which has its own 2..............................  however small or trivial it may be. Success of a man depends 3. ........................  how he or she 4.....................these events. The factor of 5.  .....................  importance in this regard is  the attention one 6.  ......................... to these. The comfort of a household is the result of small things well 7. ..................... . Good governance can only be accomplished by well regulated provision of doing of little things. These carefully treasured up result in 8. ..........................  of knowledge and experience in life. These if neglected lead to 9. ............................  in life and one accumulates nothing and learns nothing in life. These bring with them conviction and thereby diligence in the working of a person. Success in the life of a person is proportionate to his efforts, his commitment to the cause that 10...................... from attention to these little things.


1. contains, comprises, includes, brings, lies.
2. effect, joy, role, play, significance.
3.  over, with, upon, under, by.
4. deals with, controls, rules, makes, puts. 
5. large, great, prime, huge, various.
6.  shows, attributes, lays, gives, makes.
7.  planned, undertaken, displayed,arranged, provided
8.  accumulation, joining, bringing, taking, formation. 
9.  downfall, anguish, failures,wrath, gloom.
10. flows, emerges, pays, moves, sticks.




Directions  (Q. Nos. 76 - 80 ) : Rearrange the following sentences in a proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph. Also answer the questions following these sentences.



A. Feedback, hence, is very crucial especially from important people and needless to say that from  'those in immediate contact with one, if one is in employment.'

B. This is actually an act of ignorance as they don't realise that this strategy will eventually hurt more and sometimes beyond repair.

C. But the problem is that a majority of people never solicit feedback as the word "feedback" carries a notorious tag of being negative only.

D. However there exists a different category of people who believe in giving only sugar-coated feedback as fear hurting others through a negative one. 

E. A champion thrives on challenging his or her weaknesses and converting those into strengths.

F. The foundation of a great performance is continuous learning, overcoming weaknesses and enhancing strengths.



76. Which of the following should be the SIXTH (Last) sentence after the rearrangement ?


(a)  (b) (c) (d) (e)



77. Which of the following should be the FIFTH  sentence after the rearrangement ?


(a)  (b) (c) (d) (e)



78. Which of the following should be the FIRST sentence after the rearrangement ?


(a)  (b) (c) (d) (e)



79. Which of the following should be the SECOND sentence after the rearrangement ?

(a)  (b) (c) (d) (e)

80. Which of the following should be the FOURTH  sentence after the rearrangement ?

(a)  (b) (c) (d) (e)







(ANSWERS)
51. To call into question means to have doubt. The given sentence is correct.
52. 'But for' means without. Without one action the other would not have happened. But for .... I  would not have achieved success. (b) is correct.
53. 'triumph over' is correct. The given sentence is correct.
54. In such sentence no action has taken place in the past nor will it take place in future. It is only supposed that if such an action had taken place the other action would have taken place. So ......'you too would have also enjoyed yourself' is correct. (b) is correct.
55. Not to speak of ....is correct. (d) is correct.


56. To put emphasis adverb is used in the beginning of the sentence.For that verb is also used with it and it separated in the interrogative formation like goes = does+go or went = did +go etc. Little did she know that .......(a) is incorrect.
57.  Supposing and if have the same meaning. Supposing is redundant here. Remove superfluous 'supposing'. (a) is incorrect.
58. beautiful is adjective but with verb ' sings' adverb beautifully is to be used. (c) is incorrect.
59. This is a simple sentence and not an interrogative sentence. 'Does she intends' gives impression of an interrogative sentence. It should be' ..... when she intends to' (b) is incorrect.
60. This is an interrogative sentence. It is explained by taking reply of this sentence. It will be....... The committee will select him a candidate... Here him is in object case. Similarly in interrogative sentence 'whom' is in object case and 'who' is in subject case. So it should be 'whom' and not 'who'. (a) is incorrect.


61. In this sentence all the options are correct. (e) is the answer.
62. Instead of verb 'produce' noun 'production' is required here. (b) is incorrect.
63.  After 'enquired' or 'asked'  'if' is used and not 'that'. That is superfluous here. (b) is incorrect.
64. Instead of 'affect' 'effect' is the correct word here. (d) is incorrect.
65. Here instead 'who' , 'whom' is the correct word. (b) is incorrect.




(66-75)
1. In this sentence lies and brings do not fit. With includes and contains the preposition 'of' is not used.Comprises of is the correct word here.

2.  The words joy and play are incorrect here. Play also does not fit here.Out of role and significance , significance is the appropriate word because sense of the sentence is of an effect and not a role.
3.  With the word 'depend' preposition 'upon' is used. Other prepositions are not correct.
4.  Makes , puts and rules are not suitable words here. Control also does not give any meaning. However deals with means how a person manages or faces the circumstances.
5. Various is not the correct word. out of large great and huge,  great gives a little sense here. But out of great and prime, prime is a better word to be used here.
6. The words shows, lays and makes are not correct words here. Out of attributes and gives, attributes is the appropriate word.
7. Provided and undertaken do not make any sense in this sentence. Displayed also does not fit with household. The things of household planned or arranged, arranged things give comfort. Arranged is the correct word.
8. Joining, taking and bringing of knowledge does not give any meaning. However formation of knowledge also does not give any meaning. Accumulation meaning to treasure or store is the correct word.
9. anguish, wrath and gloom do not give any meaning in the sentence. Anguish also does not fit here. Out of downfall and failure, failure is the correct word here.
10. Pays, moves and sticks do not fit here. Out of flows from attention and emerges from attention, emerges is the correct word.




(76-80)
The sentence F describes the basic subject matter that how performance of a person is governed by various acts. E tells about how a person behaves while doing these acts. Further for all this there is a tool which helps in shaping that behaviour and it is feedback. This is described in A. But this has its shortcoming and it is described in C. This is further elaborated in D. Finally the sentence B gives the conclusion of all of this. Thus the sequence becomes F E A C D B








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Sample Question Paper of State Bank India (SBI)  Examination -Clerical Cadre (English Section )  SET -TWO

Directions  (Q. Nos. 51 - 55 ) : In the given questions, there are phrases in italics followed by options, (a) to (d). One of these options should replace the phrase to make the sentence meaningful and grammatically correct. Choose the most suitable option. If the given phrase is correct mark (e) as answer. 


51. When the man looked daggers, his wife was so nervous and scared that she could not utter even a single word. 

(a) help utter a single word. (b) go utter a single word even (c) make speak a single word. (d) move speak a single word even. (e) No change required.

52.  The french government decided to build secretly a flying machine, the first of its kind,  supposingly the most useful when invented. 

(a) supposedly the most useful ever invented. (b) showingly the most useful ever found. (c) believing the most useful when ever discovered. (d ) found to be useful if invented.(e) No change required.

53. The past of man has been under the whole a pretty and beastly business, a busniess of fighting, bullying, grabbing and hurting. 

(a) of the whole a pretty beastlike business (b) a business of beastly activities (c) the whole full of beastly activities  (d) on the whole a pretty beastly business
(e) No change required.


54. Although his manners were excellent, his behaviour  much civilised, yet while the room  he left bore numerous traces of his presence on its walls.

(a) the room when he left it bore numerous traces (b) on leaving had many traces (c) after his  leaving showed many traces (d) the room as he left bearing numerous traces (e) No change required.

55.  Our agriculture sector demands the introduction of some new methods on 
large scale and to a degree on the  lines of locally  requirements.

(a) in lines with the local requirements (b) under the local requirements (c) according to area wise shortcomings (d) matching with as required to locals
(e) No change required.






Directions  (Q. Nos. 56 - 60 ) : Read the given sentences carefully to find out if there is any grammatical error in any of these. If there is any, it will be in one part of the sentence. Mark the alphabet following that part as your answer. If no error is found mark (e) as your answer.




56. He was making supplies (a) to this factory for the last  more than ten years (b)and that too without any break (c)but all of a sudden he stopped supplying.(d) No error (e)

57. If the institute will come (a)  to his help at this time of his need,(b)  he too will try to help it in future (c) according to his  capacity and capability. (d) No error (e)

58. We failed to understand (a) the reason why the landlord took(b) such a great risk of having faith on him (c) for such a large amount.(d) No error (e)

59. The lady counted  (a) all the books herself (b) to make sure that none (c) of them were missing.(d) No error (e)

60. Unless the committee does not (a) pass a  resolution against  the member, (b)the secretary cannot (c)  take any action against him.(d) No error (e)




Directions  (Q. Nos. 61 - 65 ) :  In the following sentences, there are four words written in bold and marked (a)  (b) (c) (d)  which may be misspelt or inappropriate in context to the sentence. Find out the misspelt or inappropriate word and mark its  alphabet as answer. If all are correct  and  appropriate mark (e) as answer.

61. The (a) place where he is (b) putting up these days is (c) further from the office than that of (d) mine. All are correct. (e)

62. If you (a) would have employed fifty (b)persons more  (c)in the factory,  (d) the produce would have been much better.  All are correct)(e)

63. The students (a)  toiled hard for the whole year, they (b)fared too well (c)  in their examinations but they obtained (d) not so good numbers. All are correct (e)

64. It is very dificult (a) to make him understand that (b)it was him who was (c)at blame and not anyone else.(d) All are correct (e)

65. (a)If everyone performs (b)one's duty diligently and (c)takes care of the (d)institution's interest it is certain to progress and prosper. (e)



Directions  (Q. Nos. 66 - 75 ) :  In the following paragraph there are blanks which are numbered. At the end of the paragraph five words are given as options. One of these words is appropriate to fill each of these blanks. Find the appropriate word to fill in the blank and mark it as answer.


Farmers have always been aware of 1. ................... aspects of the environment like changes in soil, water,  weather and vegetation. However they 2. ................. the tools to measure, map and manage variations in the field accurately to grow more food using fewer resources, thereby reducing production costs. It is key component in the use of IT and various items like robotics, sensors, control systems, autonomous vehicles, automated hardware, variable rate technology,  and so on.

The 3.................... of high speed internet, mobile 4. ............... and reliable, low-cost satellites (for imagery and positioning) are a few key technologies characterizing the 5. .................. in precision agriculture. Small farming will enable the farmers to reduce waste and 6. .................... productivity. This will range from the quantity of fertiliser  utilised  to the number of journeys the farm vehicles have made. There's a look at the technology which has been 7................... ripples in the market. Agriculture  is one of the major industries to incorporate drones. Drones are being used in agriculture in agriculture to improve productivity. Ground and aerial-based drones are being used in agriculture for crop health assessment, irrigation, monitoring, spraying, planting, soil and field analysis.Besides ease of use and time saving other benefits 8.....................crop health imaging, integrated geographic information system mapping and potential to increase yields. With strategy and planning based on real time data collection and processing, the drone technology will give a high-tech 9.................. to agriculture industry. The remote sensing data is processed through machine learning, and then the pattern is 10................. Not only farmers but seed and fertiliser companies too will be benefitted. 

1stable, some, close, real, varying 

2. found, joined, lacked,secured, devised

3. growing, adoption,utilizing, blending, inclusion.
4. products, appliances, tools, wares,devices. 
5. trend, move, show, side, vogue. 
6.enhance, upgrade, surge, demur, support.
7. showing, trending, creating, favouring, throwing.
8.exist, draw, include, find,meet. 
9. uplift, makeover,change, growth, twist
10.studied, sorted, recorded, analysed, ployed


Directions  (Q. Nos. 76 - 80 ) : Rearrange the following sentences in a proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph. Also answer the questions following these sentences.

A. The government needs to devise a mechanism to counsel their parents which is necessary for the proper implementation of  its schemes and act.     
B. Even after 70 years of independence, education is still a dream for children who could be seen scavenging refuse or carrying bags of garbage.
C. Though the government has given right to education to all, it has failed to  clear loopholes in the systems.
D. The government runs several schemes for imparting education to such children but they are deprived of their benefits
E. That's why education is still a dream for such poor and deprived children and their families can't afford to send them to schools
F. No body bothers to make them aware of these schemes,that's why their goals are never achieved.  



76. Which of the following should be the SIXTH (Last) sentence after the rearrangement ?

(a)  (b) (c) (d) (e)

77. Which of the following should be the FIFTH  sentence after the rearrangement ?

(a)  (b) (c) (d) (e)

78. Which of the following should be the FIRST sentence after the rearrangement ?

(a)  (b) (c) (d) (e)

79. Which of the following should be the SECOND sentence after the rearrangement ?

(a)  (b) (c) (d) (e)

80. Which of the following should be the FOURTH  sentence after the rearrangement ?

(a)  (b) (c) (d) (e)






(ANSWERS)

(51)1.  Help is used like – He could not help but shriek. It means she could not stop shrieking. Here it gives the opposite meaning. 
2. Go utter also not  well here. We use go for a continuous process like She went on uttering words.
3. Make has a meaning that someone else is prompting the subject to work. He made him act like this.
4. Move also gives sense of continuity. She moved on to say her version.
So all options are not according to the sentence. However the option already used in the sentence has a meaning and is correct.

(52)1. Supposedly means that it is supposed that this is the most useful out of all those invented so far.
2. ‘Showingly’  does not make any sense, the word is showing.
3. It is believed to be useful but whenever does not give any relevance here.
4. Found to be useful if invented does not have any relevance with the remaining sentence.
5. Supposingly is not a word but supposing is the correct word so it is not correct. (a) is correct.

(53)Here pretty does not mean fair or beautiful but it is to increase the degree of activity beastly. Just as we say – ‘pretty large’ means very large. It is ‘pretty beastly’. On the whole means taking the totality of the activity. So here the option (d) is the correct option.

54. Here while or when are to be linked with ‘he’ and  not room. It is to say that when he left the room it bore many traces of his presence there. According to this meaning option is the most appropriate meaning that – when he left the room it bore many traces of his presence. (a) is correct.

55.  Here the word ‘locally’ is an adverb whereas an adjective ‘local’ is required with the noun ‘requirements’. Instead of ‘on the lines’ ‘in line with’ is more appropriate that means according to the local requirements. So option (a) is correct.

56. This sentence shows that it is of the past tense and ‘making’ tells that it is continuous tense. Further ‘for a long time’ shows that it is of perfect continuous tense. In Past perfect continuous tense, ‘Had been + first form of verb +ing and for ‘ are used. So the sentence should be- He had been making………for more than……(a) is incorrect.



57. This is a conditional sentence.If two activities are to take place in future time, tense for first activity will be present indefinite tense and for the second it will be future indefinite tense. The sentence will be ‘ If the institute comes to his help…………So (a) is incorrect.
58. In this sentence two words ‘why’ and ‘reason’ are used for one purpose. So ‘the reason’ is redundant or superfluous remove it. (b) is incorrect.

59. The pronouns ‘anyone’ or ‘none’ etc. are treated as singular and are followed by singular verb. So ‘were’ here is incorrect. It should be ‘was’. (d) is incorrect.

60. Unless itself has a negative meaning so it does not require ‘not’ with it. It should be ‘Unless…….passes’ instead of ‘does not pass’. (a) is incorrect.

61. Adjective Far means away. It has three degrees Far, Farther and Farthest. The word required in this sentence is ‘farther’ and not ‘further’ .(d) is incorrect.

62. Here error is due improper use of tense. In such sentences there has been no activity in the past nor will it be in future time. But it is supposed if it had happened. In such cases for first action past perfect tense is used. ‘If you had employed……..’ Instead of ‘produce’ ‘production’ is correct. (b) & (d) are incorrect.


63. In examination one gets ‘marks’ and not numbers. (d) is incorrect.

64 Spellings of ‘difficult’ are incorrect. It was ‘he’ and not ‘him’. ‘to blame’ is correct. So (a), (c)  & (d) are incorrect.
65. ‘Everyone’  is followed by pronoun ‘his’ and not ‘one’s’. (b) is incorrect.

(66-75)
1. Environment is changing. So stable, some or real are incorrect. Close also does not give any sense here. Varied is correct. 
2. They do not have means so lacked is correct option.
3. Blending and growing are incorrect as these do not fit here. Out of utilizing, inclusion and adoption, adoption gives appropriate meaning.
4. Products, tools, wares do not fit here. Out of appliances and devices, the devices is the correct word.
5. Out of all options trend is the correct word.
6. Productivity is to be increased so enhance is the correct word.
7. favouring and throwing are incorrect. Showing also does not fit here. Out of trending and creating is better option.
8. Out of all options include is the correct option.
9. Here meaning is to make a thing better. For this ‘makeover’ is the correct word out of all words.
10. Studied, recorded ployed are incorrect words. Out of sorted and analysed, analysed is the correct word.


(76-80)

In such questions one has to find linking words. These linking words show relation of one sentence with other sentences. This means that such a sentence cannot be first sentence. In these sentences words are– Such children, these schemes, such poor and their parents. It means the sentences containing these words cannot be first sentence. First sentence should be an independent or non dependent sentence. B and C are such sentences. But B contains more information to start with some topic.Children in sentence B are referred to in D as ‘such children’. Schemes referred in D are again talked about in F as ‘these schemes’. C mentions about right to education and its loop holes and in E it tells about its result. finally in A there is a solution of the problem suggested. So the sequence is B,D,F,C,E,A.  Questions can be answered accordingly.




Thursday, 12 April 2018

NOUN - CASE --- FUNCTIONS OF A NOUN ---- DEFINITION WITH EXAMPLES

NOUN AND CASE : FUNCTIONS OF THE NOUNS

A word that denotes a thing, place,person, quality, state, condition, position or attitude is called a Noun. A Noun is the name of a person, thing or a place.

Name of a Thing : Book, Chair

Name of a Place : City, Rome  

Name of a Person : John, Alice

Name of a Quality : Strength, Bravery

Name of a Work : Job, Deed

Name of a Condition : Rest, Sleep

Following are the functions of a Noun :
1. Subject of the Verb

2. Object of the Verb or
     of the Preposition

3. Complement of the Verb

4. Possessing the Noun

5. Apposition to a Noun

6. Being Addressed

On the basis of these functions of  a Noun, Cases are decided. A Noun is used in the following cases :


1. Nominative Case

2. Objective Case

3. Possessive Case

4. Complement of the Verb

5. Case in Apposition

6. Nominative of Address

7. Nominative Absolute



1. Nominative Case :

When a Noun is used as a subject of the Verb, it is in the Nominative Case. 

For Example :

 John writes a letter.

In this sentence John is 'Subject'  writes is  'Verb' . OR  John is  subject of  verb writes.  'John' has been used as Subject of the verb writes. Here John is used in Nominative case. 

Alice is plucking flowers. 

In this sentence Alice is 'Subject' and  is plucking is 'Verb'. Alice is Subject of the Verb 'is plucking.' Alice has been used as Subject of the Verb is plucking. Here Alice is used in Nominative case.   



2. Objective Case : 


When a noun is used as an object to the verb it is called Noun in Objective case.         For Example :  

The teacher teaches the students.

In this sentence ' the students' is a Noun in Objective case.

In other words 'the students' is an object to the verb 'teaches'.

 Boys are playing football.

In this sentence ''football' is a Noun in objective Case.

In other words 'football' is an object to the verb ''playing'. 

Method to distinguish between a Noun in Subjective Case & Objective Case :

A Noun in Subjective Case is identified by substituting the word 'who' in place of noun. If answer to this question is noun, this noun is a noun in subjective case.

A Noun in Objective Case is identified by substituting the words 'what or whom'. If the answer to the question is noun, it is a noun in objective case.

For example : 

Mother loves her son.

In this sentence 'Mother and her son' are two nouns. 'Loves' is a verb.
First substitute 'who' in place of 'mother' - Who loves her son? The answer is ' mother' .  So the noun mother is a noun in subjective case. 
Now substitute 'whom' in place of the noun 'her son'. - Mother loves 'whom'. The answer is 'her son'. So the noun 'her son' is a noun in objective case.

Boys play football.   

Substitute 'what' in place of the noun 'football'. -- Boys play -- what? 
The answer to the question is 'football'. Thus the Noun 'football' is a noun in objective case.

Sometimes there are two objects in a sentence. For example : 

Father gave his son a book.

In this sentence, 'his son' and 'a book' are two objects. The object 'his son' nearer to verb is called Indirect Object and next to Indirect verb 'a book' is called a direct object.

In order to find out whether a noun used as Indirect Object is a Noun in objective case or not substitute the word 'whom' and in case of a direct object substitute the word 'what'. The answer in both the cases will be a noun. So these nouns are nouns in objective case.

In the given sentence both the nouns ' his son' and 'a book' are nouns in objective case.

There are two ways to write sentences with two objects.
1. Mother gave her son food.
2. Mother gave food to her son.







3. Possessive Case: 


A noun used to show relation or possession is called a Possessive case noun. 
For example :  
My father's shirt is white.

In this sentence the noun 'My father's' shows relation with shirt. So the noun 'My father's' is a noun in Possessive Case.

Apostrophe with s is used to express relation or possession of living things only. In case of non living things apostrophe with s is not used. Instead words 'of the' are used. It is wrong to say - The table's leg is broken. The correct way is - The leg of the table is broken.




4 Complement to the Verb : 



If a noun is used with a verb to make the meaning or sense of the sentence complete, the noun is called a noun complement to the verb. 

For example : 
 He is a student. 
In this sentence the noun ' a student'  is adjoined with verb is to make a complete sense or meaning. Thus 'a student' is a noun complement to the verb 'is'. 

Generally words like is am are was were seem appear look become are used.
His mother appeared sad.
In this sentence 'sad' is added to the verb appeared to make the sense complete.

Both the boys became friends
Here 'friends' is added to the verb became to complete the meaning.

Complements are of two types : 
1. Subjective complement
2. Objective complement

A complement having relation with Subject in the sentence is called a Subjective complement. 

For example :  
His son became a doctor.

In this sentence noun a doctor is a complement to the verb became  but it describes about the subject 'his son'. So it is a Subjective complement to the verb 'became'.


Boys elected his son captain. 

In this sentence 'captain' is a complement to the verb elected but it describes about the object 'his son'. So it is an objective complement.





5. Noun Case in Apposition : 


In certain cases two nouns describe the same thing or person and these both nouns have one case. Such nouns are called Noun Case in Apposition. 
For example : 
His son, a doctor is my friend.
In this sentence both the nouns describe about one person. So this is a case of Noun Case in Apposition.This sentence can also be described in two sentences 
e.g. His son is my friend. A doctor is my friend. His son and a doctor tell about the same person. 

The second noun doctor is a Case in Apposition of the noun His son.  

Apposition means proximity. 




6.Nominative of Address :


When a noun is used to address a person or a thing such a noun is called a noun used for nominative address. 
For example : 
Children, do not make a noise.
Boys, work hard.
Follow me, friends.

In these sentences the nouns children, boys and friends are nouns of nomination of address case. 



7. Nominative Absolute :


In certain cases nouns are used in nominative case but they are not connected with the main sentence by a verb but instead a participle is used. Such a noun is called a Nominative Absolute. For example :
God forbidding, we lose the match.
In this sentence the noun God is connected with the main sentence with the help of a participle forbidding. There is no verb used between the noun and the remaining sentence. So such a Noun ''God' is a Nominative Absolute.

Weather permitting, we will play a match tomorrow.
In this sentence weather is a noun in nominative absolute case.




EXERCISES FOR PRACTICE

NOUN CASE


Exercise No. 1

Select Subjective case nouns in following sentences.

1. Flies spread cholera.
2. Hare followed the lion.
3. Sugar tastes sweet.
4. Farmers are ploughing fields.
5. A name makes no difference.



Exercise No. 2.

Select Objective Case Nouns in following sentences.

1. The teacher was delivering a         lecture.
2.  She purchased a new cell phone.
3. Our country exports tea.
4. Their team won the match.
5. She obeys no orders. 





Exercise No.3

Change the highlighted part in following sentences into Possessive Noun Case

1. I went to office of my father.
2. He purchased the house of  his brother.
3. She did not like habits of her brother.
4. The crown of the king is studded with precious jewels.
5. The picture of his mother is very beautiful. 




Exercise No. 4.
 Fill in the blanks in following sentences with a suitable word out of words -  
 (are, were, become, seem or appear.)

1. His brother...... to be mad.

2. The old man ....... very sad

3. His husband has.... a doctor.
4. Boys .... very happy to see her.

5. Children .....anxious to go out.


Exercise No. 5.


Point out Noun in Object Case in following sentences.

The mother  reprimands her daughter. Her daughter does not take interest in her studies. The mother advises her to do hard work. But she does not learn her lessons regularly.. She takes interest in games. The daughter does not attend her classes regularly. She often skips her classes. Her teachers also do not like her. They want her to study. 




Exercise No. 6.


Point out  Subjective & Objective Complements to Verb  in following sentences.


1, His friend is very honest.
2.He called my friend a rogue,
3. They became fast friends soon.
4. Your brother is not sincere,
5. Her sister is a traitor. 

(ANSWERS)

Exercise No. 1

Select Subjective case nouns in following sentences.

1. Flies spread cholera.
2. Hare followed the lion.
3. Sugar tastes sweet.
4. Farmers are ploughing fields.
5. A name makes no difference.



Exercise No. 2.

Select Objective Case Nouns in following sentences.


1. The teacher was delivering a lecture.
2.  She purchased a new cell phone.
3. Our country exports tea.
4. Their team won the match.
5. She obeys no orders.






Exercise No.3

Change the highlighted part in following sentences into Possessive Noun Case

1. I went to office of my father. (my father's house)
2. He purchased the house of  his brother.(his brother's house)
3. She did not like habits of her brother.(her brother's habits)
4. The crown of the king (The king's crown)is studded with precious jewels.
5. The picture of his mother(His mother's picture) is very beautiful. 






Exercise No. 4.

 Fill in the blanks in following sentences with a suitable word out of words -  
 (are, were, become, seem or appear.)

1. His brother appears to be mad.

2. The old man seemed very sad

3. His husband has become a doctor.

4. Boys were very happy to see her.

5. Children are anxious to go out.




Exercise No. 5.


Point out Noun in Object Case in following sentences.


The mother  reprimands her daughter. Her daughter does not take interest in her studies. The mother advises her to do hard work. But she does not learn her lessons regularly. She takes interest in games. The daughter does not attend her classes regularly. She often skips her classes. Her teachers also do not like her. They want her to study. 


Exercise No. 6.


Point out  Subjective & Objective Complements to Verb  in following sentences.


1. very honest.  -- Subjective Complement to Verb
2. a rogue. -Objective Complement to Verb
3. fast friends. -- Subjective Complement to verb
 4. not sincere. -- Subjective Complement to Verb
5. a traitor. --- Subjective Complement to Verb